Why COAs Matter
A Certificate of Analysis verifies identity and purity and documents test methods such as HPLC and LC-MS. Public COAs improve transparency, reduce uncertainty, and support reproducibility.
- Identity (LC‑MS): Confirms molecular fingerprint matches reference.
- Purity (HPLC % area): ≥98% main peak vs. impurities.
- Quantity vs. Potency: Mass measured; concentration matches label.
- Residual solvents/microbial: Below USP limits; no microbes/endotoxins.
- Batch/chain of custody: Trace each vial to manufacturing records.